Talking about the electrolyte of lithium battery

The electrolyte acts as a conduction electron between the positive and negative electrodes of the lithium battery, and is a guarantee for the high voltage and high specific energy of the lithium ion battery. The electrolyte is generally prepared from a high-purity organic solvent, an electrolyte lithium salt, a necessary additive, and the like under certain conditions and at a certain ratio.

The main electrolytes used in lithium batteries are lithium perchlorate and lithium hexafluorophosphate. However, batteries made of lithium perchlorate have a poor temperature effect and are in danger of explosion. They have been banned in Japan and the United States. The battery made of fluorine-containing lithium salt has good performance, no explosion hazard, and strong applicability, especially the battery made of lithium hexafluorophosphate. In addition to the above advantages, the disposal work of the waste battery in the future is relatively simple and ecologically friendly. The market prospects for this type of electrolyte are very broad.

At present, the electrolyte support has basically been localized, but the soft rib is the electrolyte lithium hexafluorophosphate which accounts for about half of the electrolyte cost. There are basically no enterprises in China that can produce it.

At present, the lithium hexafluorophosphate market is monopolized by several Japanese companies such as Kanto Electrochemical Industry, SUTERAKEMIFA, and Morita Chemical. The global production capacity of lithium hexafluorophosphate is around 4,000 tons/year. The three Japanese manufacturers have a production capacity of 3,430 tons per year, accounting for about 85% of global production capacity. China's Tianjin Jinniu Power Materials Co., Ltd. currently has a production capacity of only 250 tons per year and is not sold. The lithium hexafluorophosphate used by domestic electrolyte manufacturers is mainly imported from Japan and Germany.

The main reason for this situation is that the technical threshold for lithium hexafluorophosphate is quite high. Lithium hexafluorophosphate requires high purity and low water content. However, because the product itself is easy to absorb moisture and decompose, it is extremely difficult to produce, and it is demanding on raw materials and equipment. It is a typical high-tech, high-risk production environment and high-difficult production of 'three high' technology products. . The three main raw materials of lithium hexafluorophosphate are phosphorus pentachloride, anhydrous hydrofluoric acid and lithium fluoride. Among them, the latter two are the most difficult to produce, and domestic enterprises need to make breakthroughs in the production process.

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