Which instruments can help the rescue in front of the earthquake

The Wenchuan earthquake is still fresh in memory. The Nepalese earthquake once again made people feel the insignificance of human beings before nature. Every life in the earthquake-stricken area is affected by people's hearts. Then what instruments can help?

Life detector

When the survivors are buried under the rubble, with bare hands to dig for salvage and heavy machinery may hurt others, various search instruments can help. Life detectors are the most common search instruments. There are three main types of rescue tools: Snake Eyes, Thermal Infrared Detectors, and Acoustic Vibration Live Detectors.

The name "Snake Eye" is called "Optical Life Detector". It uses light reflection for life detection. The main body of the instrument is very flexible, like a snake skin tube used in the sewer, which can be freely twisted in the rubble. There are small probes in front of the instrument that can penetrate into the tiny gaps. Similar to the camera equipment, the information is sent back. The rescue team can use the viewer to clearly see the depth of the rubble. The anti-theft device used in many museums and supermarkets is such an optical probe plus an observer.

The thermal infrared life detector has a night vision function. Its principle is to judge different targets by sensing the temperature difference, so it can also work in the dark. This kind of instrument is a bit like the instrument that measures the body temperature at the entrance of the mall. It's just bigger than that, and it has an image display.

The sonic vibration life detector relies on identifying the sound of a trapped person. Humans have two ears. The instrument has three to six ears. Its ears are called "vibrators". They are also called vibration sensors. They can determine the specifics of survivors based on the slight differences in the sounds heard by each ear. position. The voice of speech is most easily identified for it because the designer has fully studied the frequency of human voice. If the survivor can no longer speak, just tap with your finger and make a slight noise that can also be heard by it. The key is that the impact of noise cannot be too great.

Industrial endoscope

Industrial endoscopes are routinely used in daily inspections of small pipes, internal equipment for metal fatigue, and structural flaw detection. In earthquakes, they are used as search and rescue "magic soldiers." The life detector can only determine if there are signs of life in the rubble, and it is impossible to find out about the internal conditions of the rubble. The slim and dexterous figure of the industrial endoscope makes it easy to penetrate from the crevices of the ruins into the interior of the collapsed building. Optical fiber transmission of illumination light and microscopy can achieve 360-degree panoramic observations. Rescue workers can monitor the exact position and physical condition of the wounded in the ruins through the monitor, and have targeted rescue plans.

Drone

In recent years, the rapid development of consumer-grade UAVs has also become a major tool for earthquake search and rescue. UAVs can quickly take off and land. The returned image data provide highly efficient and accurate information for rescue work and provides timely and effective coverage of news reports. material. In the Yaan earthquake of Sichuan in 2013, the Dajiang drone first appeared in a large-scale earthquake disaster area.

In this Nepal earthquake, due to the disruption of local communications in the disaster-stricken area and the extremely severe disaster, India dispatched drones to Nepal to assist in search and rescue operations.

Compared with other professional search and rescue tools, consumer-grade drones are popular consumer products and are used more commonly. During the Ya'an earthquake in Sichuan, three people, Chengdu Peng Xiguo and others, used drones to report to the disaster-hit area in Lushan County.

Rescue robot

Although current robots are still not enough "robots", in recent years, robots have increasingly participated in earthquake search and rescue. In the massive earthquake of magnitude 9.0 in Japan on March 11, 2011, robots were used for search and rescue operations, including ground search and rescue robots, aerial search and rescue robots, and underwater search and rescue robots. Robots can enter areas that humans cannot reach, including ruins and contaminated areas.

In 2008, Japanese scientists developed a snake-like robot whose principle is similar to the aforementioned "Snake Eye" search instrument. Snake-like robots are more flexible than Snake Eyes. Each joint has a micro-motor to provide power and activities are more convenient.

In China, after the occurrence of the Lushan earthquake in 2013, the China Earthquake Emergency Rescue Center rescue team first used three domestic rescue robots to assist in earthquake relief work.

Remote Sensing Technology

Remote sensing dynamic monitoring is the process of extracting and quantifying the information of the change of features from the same area of ​​remote sensing images acquired at different times or under different conditions. This technology can exert its enormous advantage in disaster emergency work. In disaster-prone areas, the use of remote sensing dynamic technology can quickly extract the scope of the disaster, monitor the disaster situation, and provide real-time data for disaster relief work.

On March 11th, 2011, a magnitude 9 earthquake and tsunami occurred in Japan. The dynamic monitoring technology of remote sensing quickly extracted the affected area, counted the area affected by the disaster, and analyzed the extent of the disaster on the coast of the tsunami.

A magnitude 7 earthquake occurred in Haiti on January 12, 2010. After the disaster, rescue work was carried out in a blue tent in a mobile settlement. Using remote sensing and GIS integration technology, the remote sensing workflow of blue tent location information was acquired from the image using ENVI. With ArcGIS Server published to the network, anyone can log on to the site in real time to inquire about the location of blue tents and find rescue sites.