The main engineering measures to reduce or avoid mudslides are:
(1) Crossing the project refers to the construction of bridges and culverts, which pass through the top of the debris flow ditch, allowing the debris flow to be drained underneath to prevent mudslides. This is a hard road and road transport sector in order to safeguard common traffic safety.
(2) Through the project - refers to the repair of tunnels, alums or aqueducts, passing under the debris flow, and allowing the debris flow to drain from above. This is another major form of engineering for railways and highways through mudslides.
(3) Protective engineering - refers to the river-crossing line or other major engineering measures for the mountainous transitional rivers where the bridges, tunnels, subgrades and mudslides are concentrated in the debris flow area, and is used as a protective building to resist or eliminate the debris flow to the main body. Hazards of scouring, impact, side erosion and siltation of buildings. The main protection projects are: slope protection, retaining wall, dam and dam.
(4) Pilot project - its role is to improve the flow of debris, increase the drainage capacity of buildings such as bridges, and make the debris flow smoothly drained according to the design intent. Pilotage projects, including diversion banks, rapids, beam dikes, etc.
(5) Bar block engineering - engineering measures to control the solid matter of debris flow and heavy rain, flood runoff, weaken the flow, discharge and energy of debris flow, to reduce the erosion, impact and burial of debris flow to downstream construction projects . The blocking measures include: slag dam, storage silt, supporting project, and intercepting project. For the prevention and control of debris flow, it is often more effective to combine multiple measures than to use a single measure.
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